在这里，您可以看到一些玻璃制作的首饰和器物。在中国古代，玻璃也是一种非常罕见和贵重的商品，它们就像宝石一样，深受中国古代上流社会的喜爱。
Here are some jewelry and implements made of glass. In ancient China, glass was regarded as a rare and precious product along with gemstones and was favored by upper class.
西方的玻璃出现得很早，大约在6000年前，古埃及就已经出现了玻璃的雏形，在4500年前，两河流域已经有真正的玻璃了。在西周时期，玻璃传入到了中国，当时长江中游地区甚至还生产过一定规模的玻璃。在下方的展柜的里，您还能看到后来中国生产的一些玻璃制品，这些制品大多是蜻蜓眼玻璃珠、或者玻璃做成的珠串首饰。我国原产的玻璃属于铅钡玻璃，透明度不高，还容易损坏，很难做成杯子啊、盘子、瓶子啊一类精美的玻璃容器，所以我们的玻璃产品主要是以珠串、发钗一类的首饰为主。后来，随着丝绸之路的深入，隋唐时期我国也引入了西方的玻璃加工技术，但精美的玻璃容器主要还是依靠进口。
Glass emerged in other countries very early. About 6,000 years ago, primitive glass appeared in ancient Egypt and 4,500 years ago, glass was formed in Mesopotamia. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, glass was introduced to China and later glass production even reached a respectable scale in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The showcase below displays several glass products made at that time, most of which are dragonfly-eye shaped glass beads or strings of glass beads. The glass produced in ancient China is lead-barium glass with low transparency and high fragility and is difficult to utilize in producing exquisite glass containers like cups, plates, and bottles. As a result, our glass products are primarily jewelry like beads and hairpins. Later, as the Silk Road expanded, Foreign glass processing technology was introduced during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, but fine glass containers were still mostly imported.
在左后方的展板上，您可以看到西方玻璃的制作工艺。他们首先是把砂子或者一些石块用高温熔化，这样就可以得到玻璃的原材料。然后再添加一些带有颜色的矿物质来给玻璃上色。最后，可以采用型芯法和吹制法来给玻璃塑形。型芯法，就是用泥团做成想要的模型，然后在模型外面裹上玻璃熔液，再把里面的模型弄碎了取出来就行了。吹制法，就是直把一根长长的管子伸到玻璃熔液里面，往里面吹气塑形，吹制法制作的一般都是瓶子之类的容器。
The display panel in the back left demonstrates foreign glass processing technology. It first melts sand or stones at a high temperature to get the raw materials for glass; then it adds some minerals for coloring; and finally adopts mud modeling and blowing methods to shape the glass. The mud modeling method is to make a desired mold with mud, encompass the mold with molten glass and then remove the mode inside by crushing it. The blowing method is to insert a long tube into the molten glass and blow air into it to form a shape. The blowing method is generally employed to produce containers like bottles.
接下来往右边，看看中西方药材的差异，以及西域的另一件名贵商品——香料。
Next, please look to your right and observe the difference between Chinese and foreign medicinal materials, as well as another precious foreign commodity–spices.
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